Noncommunicable diseases cannot be spread from person to. The four main types of noncommunicable diseases include cardiovascular disease. Theyll read informational articles written with grade appropriate language, complete fun, handson tasks, and finish up with a research project on an illnessdisease of their choice. Noncommunicable diseases as the name suggests are not transmitted from person to person but is a result of combination of genetic, physiological, environmental and behavioral factors. Non communicable diseases kill over 36 million people every year. Overview of noncommunicable diseases and related risk. Type 1, type 2, gestational, and prediabetes impaired glucose tolerance. Infections and infectious diseases are a great burden on many societies, including the countries in the who european region.
They are of long duration and generally slow progression. I can identify the four pathogens virus, bacteria, fungi and protozoa that cause communicable diseases. Different types of diseases noncommunicable diseases. Pdf management of noncommunicable disease in low and. Non communicable diseases, intended as the results of a combination of inherited, environmental and biological factors, kill 40 million people each year, equivalent to roughly 70% of. Communicable diseases can be spread through bodily fluids, contaminated surfaces, air or food. Ncds include parkinsons disease, autoimmune diseases, strokes, most heart diseases, most cancers, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, alzheimers disease, cataracts, and others. Find communicable and non communicable diseases list. It is generally a mild disease causing few, if any, symptoms, but in some cases, symptoms can be severeeven leading to death. Introduction non communicable diseases ncds are the leading cause of death worldwide, including in korea. A related nonpathogenic strain is distinct epidemiologically and biologically from the. They are also known as chronic diseases as they remain for longer period of time. Non communicable disease an overview sciencedirect topics.
Overview of noncommunicable diseases and related risk factors. Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite that exists as a trophozoite and cyst. A short non communicable diseases list with analysis. Communicable disease profile for afghanistan and neighbouring countries who communicable disease wg on emergenciesoctober 2001 2 introduction this document is intended to provide health professionals working in afghanistan and neighbouring countries with information on the major epidemic and endemic disease threats faced by the displaced.
Epidemics of noncommunicable diseases ncd are presently emerging or accelerating in most developing countries murray and lopez 1996. Definition of communicable disease states that any infectious disease which gets transmitted from one person to another through direct. Overview of noncommunicable diseases and related risk factors presenters name presenters title. In most of the cases, the signs or the symptoms of these non communicable diseases are the same. Noncommunicable diseases ncds, including heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes and chronic lung disease, are collectively responsible for almost 70% of all deaths worldwide. The prerequisite for success in this fight is the participation of all health care professionals. Lifestyle, genomic types and noncommunicable diseases in. Communicable disease an overview sciencedirect topics. Most are noninfectious, although there are some non.
Addressing noncommunicable diseases improves individual wellbeing and advances development. Noncommunicable diseases are disease processes that are not contagious or transferable from one human to another. Describe the burden of communicable diseases in ethiopia. Different types of disease noncommunicable diseases.
Non communicable diseases symptoms, causes, risk factos. To reduce that burden an integrated approach is required, combining health promotion, disease prevention and patient treatment. A noncommunicable disease is a noninfectious health condition lasting for a long period of time. Noncommunicable diseases are skyrocketing in kenya and uganda. Ask students to name other types of diseases that are communicable, including recent diseases of national concern e. Medical treatments help to control many others, but schools and child care centers must continue to play an important role in controlling the spread of communicable disease. Noncommunicable diseases, intended as the results of a combination of inherited, environmental and biological factors, kill 40 million people each year, equivalent to roughly 70% of. Concepts on communicable diseases concepts on communicable. Noncommunicable diseases ncds are usually caused by genetic or lifestyle factors. The high cost of care drives the poor further into poverty.
Though the countries governments have a responsibility to tackle the problem, individuals need to take action too. Even as infections and nutritional deficiencies are receding as leading contributors to death and disability, cardiovascular diseases cvds, cancers, diabetes, neuropsychiatric ailments, and other. Non communicable diseases are chronic diseases which affect the human body for longterm. Define epidemiology and epidemiological terminologies. Noncommunicable diseases ncds were once considered to be challenges for affluent countries alone. Because these diseases have implications for nutrition, education and the environment, greater action is needed from governments, businesses and communities to prevent them from becoming epidemics. The four main types of noncommunicable diseases are cardiovascular diseases like heart attacks and stroke, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructed pulmonary. Some of the reasons for the noninfectious disease are genetics, nutritional deficiency, age and sex of the individual and so on. There are many diseases which are due to hereditary, genetic or due to lifestyle and environment which causes non communicable diseases. Noncommunicable diseases ncds, including cardiovascular diseases, cancers, diabetes and lung diseases are the leading drivers of morbidity, mortality and disability globally. Definition who, 2011 noncommunicable diseases ncds, also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. Acute communicable diseases amebiasis page 1 amebiasis 1. Communicable and noncommunicable diseases occur within the same patient populations, and it is vital to secure the necessary political and programmatic commitment for integrated, effective and sustainable action to address them. Examples include cancer, diabetes, and hypertension.
There are cases where there are no signs of any underlying disease and the cause is only known after the sudden death of the patient. The danger of communicable diseases has increased a lot. Prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. Introduction to prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. Help your students stay healthy with this unit on communicable and noncommunicable illnesses and diseases.
Although communicable diseases are major causes of mortality and morbidity in the country, ncds represent a fairly large share of the burden of disease among nigerians, representing 47 percent of total mortality in 2011. A noncommunicable disease ncd is a disease that is not transmissible directly from one person to another. But now, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes and other ncds have emerged as the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, responsible for 41 million or 71% of all deaths annually. Noncommunicable diseases ncds, also known as chronic diseases, are not passed from person to person. Noncommunicable diseases are not transferred between people, eg cancer, diabetes, genetic and neurological disorders and heart disease. Noncommunicable diseases who regional office for africa. I can identify the five barriers that my body used to defend itself against communicable diseases. Random genetic abnormalities, heredity, lifestyle or environment can cause noncommunicable diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, asthma, hypertension and. Almost three quarters of all ncd deaths, and 82% of the 16 million people who died prematurely, or before reaching 70. Acute communicable disease control manual b73 revisionaugust 2011 part iv. This in turn will help achieve the goal of healthy lives and wellbeing for all.
Identify the major communicable diseases that pose health problems in ethiopia. Help control communicable diseases vaccines are now available to control the majority of diseases that have caused illness and death in children in the past. Conditions like hypertension, stroke and diabetes affect young and old, urban and rural, and wealthy and poor communities. Habits that detract people from activity and push them towards a sedentary routine can cause a number of health issues that can lead to chronic noncommunicable diseases that can have near lifethreatening consequences. Noncommunicable disease ncd comprising cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are rising rapidly in low and middleincome countries lmic. View noncommunicable diseases research papers on academia. Noninfectious are noncommunicable diseases and caused by a variety of reasons.
In this activity, students will be identifying common diseases they may come in contact with, describing the symptoms and identifying the disease as communicable or non. Communicable diseases have a variety of symptoms and can be caused by bacteria, viruses or parasites. The prevalence of major chronic noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors has increased over time and contributes significantly to the ghanas disease burden. Half of the deaths are due to cvds, a quarter due to cancers, and about a tenth due to respiratory. In this article, i list the common examples of non communicable non contagious diseases, their causes, prevention and risk factors. Diabetes limits the bodys ability to process glucose normally. Some noncommunicable diseases are more common than others. Lifestyle diseases are ailments that are primarily based on the day to day habits of people. I can explain the differences between communicable and noncommunicable diseases.